自考英语写作范文(通用4篇)

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春节,即农历新年,是一年之岁首、传统意义上的年节。俗称新春、新年、岁旦等,口头上又称过年、过大年。春节历史悠久,由上古时代岁首祈年祭祀演变而来。万物本乎天、人本乎祖,祈年祭祀、敬天法祖,报本反始也。以下是小编收集整理的自考英语写作范文(通用4篇),仅供参考,希望能够帮助到大家。

第一篇: 自考英语写作

自考英语写作基础题型

自考英语写作基础题型

一、单项选择题

(1)先易后难:一些考题的答案比较容易选定,可以先从这些考题入手。平时练习时,应以基础为主,主要精力不应放在偏题、怪题上。

(2)分析考查意图、运用相关知识:应学会分析出题者考查的意图,明确相关题的测试点是什么,然后运用所学知识,进行分析、判断,再进行选择。

(3)利用暗示进行选择:注意考题涉及的语境范围。平时应注重对习惯用语表达、惯用法和中英文化差别等方面知识的积累。

(4)运用排除法:可采取语言排除、逻辑排除、语法排除或选择排除等方法。先排除较容易、较明显的错误选项,缩小范围,而后对剩余的选项进行比较分析,最后确定答案。

二、完形填空题

1、搭配判断法。

根据对以往试题的分析,搭配型考题在完形填空题中占的比例最高。搭配型问题主要测试常见搭配的熟练程度,比如说哪些词要搭配不定式、动名词或某种从句,哪些词必须与某个介词搭配。我们在复习时要特别注意短语动词和介词的固定搭配。

2、结构判断法。

结构型问题主要包括句型、句式、连接词的选择等,解题时要运用句法知识,把握关键词,从而做出迅速正确的判断。完形填空题中有很多是利用语法的正确性与逻辑的排斥性间的矛盾来设计的。因此考生应结合上下文的合理性及意义关系的逻辑性选择最佳答案。完形填空中常考的逻辑关系主要有:

(1)转折、让步关系:这种关系表明后一种观点或事实与前一种观点或事实相比有些出乎意料。

常见的表示转折、让步的词或词组有:but,still,yet,however,though,although,no matter,in spite of,anyway,even if等。

(2)因果关系:

表示原因的连词或词组有:because (of ),due to,owing to,thanks to,since,for,as等。

表示结果的词或词组有:so,therefore,then,as a result,in consequence,consequently,thus等。

(3)递进、补充关系:这种关系表示对前一事实或观点做进一步阐述。

常用的词、词组有:moreover,likewise,besides,in addition,also,too,not only…but also,apart from,what‘s more 等。

(4)对比、比较关系:对比观点或事物间的差异性,比较观点或事物间的同一性。

表示对比的词或词组有:in contrast,by contrast,on the contrary,conversely,unlike,oppositely 等。表示比较的词或词组有:like,in comparison,compare…with,as,just as等。

3、词义判断法。

词汇型问题也是完形填空的一个考点,主要测试考生在段落语篇中把握语义连贯性的能力,提供选择的词可能是近义词、近形词也可能是随意拼凑的四个选项,遇到这类题,既要联系上下文,又要具有扎实的词汇基础,有时还须根据自己的文化背景知识做出判断、选择答案。

三、阅读理解

在做阅读理解题时,除了掌握前面介绍的基本题型、基本法则外,还要进行有意识的阅读训练。提高阅读能力的训练主要可以从下面几个方面入手:词汇、方法、侧重点。

1、词汇:猜词的技巧。

在阅读过程中,不可避免地会碰到不认识的单词,考试中又不允许查词典,有些不认识的单词对文章的理解影响不大,可以忽略。但有些不认识的单词则会影响阅读者对文章理解的正确性。在这种情况下,必需猜测词的含义,这就需要利用猜词的技巧了。

最基本的猜词技巧有两种:一是根据构词法的规则猜,构词法的规则在前面的章节中已有介绍,这里就不重复了;另一种猜词的技巧是根据上下文的"描述、解释、列举、比较等,运用已有的知识,分析、推断该词的含义。常用的猜词技巧可归纳为以下几种:

(1)利用词根、词缀构词法推测词义。通过构词法推测词义是最常用的方法之一。

(2)分析文中对该词的直接定义推测词义。

作者在行文中有时不得不使用某些难词、偏词,为使读者理解,作者常常会在文章中直接解释该词语。作者或通过同位语,或使用定语从句加以阐明,或用冒号、破折号、括号给出,或用语篇标志词引出,这类语篇标志词有:that is (to say); e.g.;oor,in other words;to put it in another way等。如:

She is bilingual.In other words,she speaks English and French equally well.(bilingual:会说两种语言的)。

(3)分析文中对该词的近义复述推测词义。

同一短文中前后两个句子、短语或单词通常有互释作用,可以从上下文的复述中获取与某一单词或短语相关的信息以猜测词义。如:

It is difficult t

o list all of my fathe‘s attributes because he has so many different talents and abilities.(attribute:特质;才能)

(4)分析文中对该词的对比和并列表述推测词义。

利用上下文中的对比或并列表述猜测词义是最常用、最可靠的方法。有不少句子会在上下文中给出某个生词(尤其是偏词、难词)的同义词或反义词,运用对比或并列表达对这些生词加以推测。通过了解词与词之间的连接关系,特别是一些语篇标志词,如:however;on the other hand;nevertheless等,我们不难推断这些生词的词义。如:

If you agree,write “yes”;if you dissent,write “no”。(dissent:不同意)

第二篇: 自考英语写作

自考英语写作基础总结

自考的英语专业是一门很考基础的专业。但是想要顺利通过还需要做一些努力,下面请看自考英语写作基础总结!

自考英语写作基础总结

1.学习英语或任何外语的最基本的方法是什么或怎样才能高效率的学习英语?

答:是熟练或熟习,自考英语诀窍大总结。想想我们的母语,你就会明白,我们从小并未特意学习却能进行自由的交流靠的就是不断的听别人说和模仿而自然获得的一种技能。这种技能已经深深扎根于我们的大脑之中,成为我们的天性。因此,对于母语,我们不需太多的学习,不需刻意去听就能听的懂,不用分析就能明白那些高难的句子,就是因为母语已经成为我们的一种习惯,可以即听即懂,可以随意发挥,随心所欲。对于学习外语也同样是这样,需要把陌生的单词片语和句型不断的熟悉和熟练,使之成为我们的一种习惯,把她变成我们的第二天性。这样你就可以比较自由的驾驭一门外语了。因此,重复重复再重复,熟练熟练再熟练,是掌握一门外语的不二法门。

2.怎样或用什么方法才能最大程度的熟练或熟习英语?

答:这个问题可能因人而异。因为有人对听敏感一些,而有些人则对阅读更感兴趣。就我的经验来看,多听可能是比较现实的一种方法。因为说和写是一种对语言的再创造,是一种输出。他们需要有大量的输入,即听和读来做为基础。而听可以增加我们对语音的熟悉程度,增强语感,减少记忆的难度。我们在学习母语时往往已知道一个词的发音和词义,而不知如何拼写。学外语则不同,这三方面我们往往都不知道,需要逐一记忆。这也是我们学习外语比学习母语困难的一大原因。所以从听入手可以减少语音方面的记忆困难,集中精力对付词义和拼写。另一方面随身听,MP3等也为随时听外语提供了方便条件。平常可以进行泛听,有时间就要把泛听中没听懂的逐一找出,进行必要的记忆。对于那些看文本认识,却未听出的地方,就是你听力方面的薄弱环节,要定期总结归纳吸取教训。看是由于自己发音不准,还是片语句型不熟造成的。针对弱点要集中予以克服。

3.背诵对于学习英语必要吗?

答:很有必要。因为背诵是一种对语言最大的熟练方式,只不过由于背诵往往是一种短期的,记忆时间稍长就会忘记。虽然背过的内容我们可能忘记,但对英语的句型和习惯用法则不会彻底忘记。通过背诵,会潜移默化的影响我们对语言习惯的认同。只要时常对背过的文章听一听读一读,把短期记忆转化成长期,记忆效果会更佳。

4.如何背诵课文呢?

答:一般宜分二步来进行。

首先,应对要背诵的材料进行精听,可以一边听一边跟着念,直到不看书也能顺利的跟读下来为止。这样可以最大限度的减少背诵的难度。具体背时又分三种方法:

一、关键词提示背诵法:即把课文中的关键词写下来做为提示进行背诵以减少背诵的难度。

二、翻译背诵法:即先把课文翻译成汉语,再根据汉语倒议回英语。这种方法对于理解英汉差异,自觉避免中国式英语以及英汉互译能力都会有很大的帮助。

三、关键句背诵法:即将所学课文中的好的、漂亮的、难以掌握的句子予以摘录进行背诵。这种方法可以最大的节省时间,高效的进行学习,是时间紧张者学习英语的好方法。

5.如何才能高效省时的复习已学过的知识?

答:可以用听读法或者听录法来复习。

6.有必要一次研究一个单词的20或更多个词义吗?

答:我曾经走过这样的弯路,就是集中一段时间对几个单词的不同词义进行研究。结果过一段时间后,他们就又统统忘掉了。这样形成一种恶性循环,就是成批地记,结果却成批的忘,因此坚决的反对这种劳民伤财的做法。为克服以上缺点就需要我们扩大阅读量,在不断的阅读当中,词汇的不同用法和不同词义都会碰到。这样更容易记住他们,并且会不断的巩固已学的用法和词义。

7.有必要专门花时间学习俚俗语吗?

答:没有必要。记得以前有人在论坛中贴了一篇关于北京俚语的帖子。结果我发现这些对我耳熟能详的话,却没有几个人能够真正的理解。看这就是理俗语的局限性它只适合一时一地,离开了这个环境就会失去它本应具有的思想沟通的功能。英语也一样,因为英语被如此广泛的使用,在不同的地方就会产生不同的俗语,就是在美国不同州之间,也存在不同的俚俗语。这些俚俗语的局限性就像北京俚语一样,离开了它生存土壤就很难被人理解。因此对于大部分的英语学习者来说,正确的掌握标准的英语就可以了,而不必专门研究学习那些古怪的英语中的北京话。

再来看看新概念的作者L.G.ALEXANDER对这个问题的看法:

没必要,这其实是一件很危险的事,复习指导《自考英语诀窍大总结》。我们在学外语时希望确切了解以此为母语的人是怎么说话的,俚语一般是粗鲁和无礼的,做为一个初学者你不知道粗俗和无礼的程度。在与以英语为母语的人说话时,你要是使用这些俚俗语他们可能会很震惊。现代词典把某些词或词组明确标明为禁忌,说明在礼仪之社会使用这些词是粗俗和令人不快的,理解这些词是可以的,但切忌使用以免冒犯他人。

8.有必要专门花时间记忆和学习类似it is raining cats and dogs the pot calling the kettle black to add insult to injury这样的谚语吗?

答:没必要。在牛津现代高级英语词典中写道,这些谚语很少用于一般谈话或写作中。虽然以英语为母语的人懂得大部分英语成语的意思,但他们极少去用,即使是用,也只是想表现一下幽默,且在成语前经常加上一些套话,象you know what they say…“或”as the old saying goes…“因为这些成语都是关于人世经验的颇为明显的"话,一般人认为用成语的人头脑迟钝,必须借用成语才能表达自己的思想或感受。因此我们应慎重的使用成语。

新概念的作者L.G.ALEXANDER说:我的建议是完全不要理会这些成语,记住他们对你的英语水平没有丝毫益处,学会这些成语和掌握地道的英语完全是两回事。

9.学习短语或短语动词重要吗?

答:太重要了在牛津现代高级英语词典中写道,一个以英语为母语的人或运用英语的能力相当于以英语为母语的人的重要特征是,他能够了解和正确使用象make up one‘s mind be allears之类的短语……以英语为母语的人用这些短语是自然和不知不觉的,你则需要在用之前先学习。你用的越多他们便会成为你英语中自然的一部分,如果你不用他,你的英语将永远是“外国的”。新概念的作者L.G.ALEXANDER说,在英语中短语动词比,普通的动词用的更普遍。当某人敲门时我们更倾向于说Come in!而不说Enter!我们倾向于说put out the fire/put the fire out,而不说Extinguish the fire .短语动词常有习惯用语的用法put the cat out就是字面用法把它放在外面。put the fire out是一个习语用法使熄灭。你必须掌握这些短语动词,因为他们很常见。

10.我是一个业余学习英语者时间有限应该怎样学习英语呢?如何做到听说读写齐头并进?

答:对于大部分用业余时间来学习的人,白天要上八小时的班,下班后还要有其他事情处理,留给学英语的时间本不多。实践表明对于一个没有语言环境的学习者来说每天只学习一到二个小时,能保持原来的英语水平就不错了。因为每次学过的东西需要花数倍的时间来复习,才能把短期记忆转化为长期记忆。语言才能在我们的头脑中固化下来,因此要集中有限的时间以听读听写或阅读为突破点,先行发展争取在较短的时间突破单词和阅读关,然后以点带线以线带面去发展说写的能力。这样也比较符合语言的规律,即听和读是输入,是基础,有了大量的输入,才能有输出,即说和写。当然也可以针对一篇自学资料同时进行听写听读背诵复述写摘要等练习,使听说读写各方面都同时得以提高,但千万不要针对听说读写分别找四本教材一起来学。

11.我的时间有限,如何能在最短的时间内学完一本教材?

答:集中一段时间把整本书的生词查一遍,把不懂的语法现象都找出搞懂,然后把有生词的句子和难句、漂亮的句子一一摘抄下来,集中时间反复将他们背诵下来。这样可以在最短的时间内学完一本教程。我曾用此法在半个月的时间里学完一本三百多页的英语中级教程,李阳在大学里也用此法在几周内将国内很有名气的一本英语专业需四年才能完成的听力教程step by step搞定。充分说明此法威力的巨大,当然学完后进行强化复习以巩固所学的成果还是十分必要的。

12.我很少有时间坐下来学习应该怎样学习英语呢?

答:找一本适合自己水平的配有录音的教材,平常就利用空余时间反复听录音,有时间就坐下来对照文本将自己未听出的部分逐一解决掉,务求能够最终把录音一字不差的听懂。这样对自己的英文水平也是有提高作用的。

13.我很少有机会使用英语,又不想放弃,辛辛苦苦已学过的那么多年的英语该如何办?

答:你已过学了一段时间的英语了就说明你已有了一定词汇量要保持你原有的水平可以选择这样,一套录音带

(1)包含四五千词汇量

(2)包含常用的句型和语法

(3)内容生动适合反复听

有了它等于在你的周围营造了一个英语的小环境,时常听一听就可以温故而知新。同时平常再多看看英文报纸、电视、电影你的水平就可保持在原有的水准之上。

14.读报纸和杂志对我的英语水平的提高会有作用吗?

答:L.G.Alexander说,就覆盖面而言任何教材都是难以与报纸相比的。每天读点报纸上的文章,这会使你接触到用纯正的现代英语所写的题材广泛的文章,同时它也是巩固和扩大你的知识结构和词汇的好方法。因此我要说阅读报纸是你提高英语水平的最佳方式,但不要强迫自己读太多,要不然你会对学习英语失去兴趣的。当然你的旧教材也别扔掉,因为你的教材可以帮助提示你所遗忘的东西。

15.我已学英语十多年了发现我现在的水平很难再提高了应该怎么办?

答:L.G.Alexander当我们学习一门语言时迟早会达到一个极限的。就像我喜欢打乒乓球,但即使我花掉我的余生来练习它,我也达不到一个中国世界级选手的水平。多年前我的水平就以达到了极限,如果你也达到了这个极限,就应该接受这个现实毕竟只有极少数人才能达到接近母语的水平。但如果你觉得自己并未达到这个极限就应该

*尽量多听英语如BBC VOA

*挑选适合自己水平的书尽量多的阅读

*挑选自学练习书籍来检验自己的进度

*利用一切机会说英语同以英语为母语的人说或同你一样希望练习技巧的人说

第三篇: 自考英语写作

更多自考相关内容推荐

成人自考英语作文答题技巧

一、举实例

思维短路,举实例!提出一个观点,举实例!提出一个方案,举实例!而且者也是我们揭示一个观点最好的方式,任何情况下,只要我们无法继续文章,不管三七二十一,尽管举例子!

In order to attract more customers, advertisers have adopted every

possible simulative factor in making ads, such as sound, light, colours,

cartoon films and human performance. For instance, to advertise a certain

food, advertisers will ask an actor or actress to sit at a table and

devour the seemingly delicious food while they fime him or her.

更多句型:

To take … as an example, One example is…, Another example is…, for example

二、做比较方法:

写完一个要点,比较与之相似的;又写完一个要点,再比较与之相反的;

世界上没有同样的指纹,没有相同的树叶,文章亦同,只有通过比较,你才会发现二者的相同点(through comparison)和不同点(through

contrast)。下面是一些短语:

相似的比较:

in comparison, likewise, similarly, in the same manner

相反的比较:

on the other hand, conversely, whereas, while, instead, nevertheless, in

contrast, on the contrary, compared with …, …

三、换言之没话说了,可以换一句话再说,让你的文章在多一些字,或者文邹邹地说,是让读者更充分的理解你的观点。

实际就是重复重复再重复!下面的句子实际上就三个字 I love you!

I am enthusiastic about you. That is to say, I love you.

I am wild about you. In other words, I have fallen in love with you.

或者上面我们举过的例子:I cannot bear it.

可以用短语表达:I cannot put up with it.

因此可以这样说:I cannot bear it. That is to say, I cannot put up with it or I am

fed up with it.

更多短语:

in more difficult language, in simpler words, put it more simply

英语写作要诀twenty-word formula

agreement: 主语和谓语在人称、数上的一致,关系代词与先行词的一致。

ambiguity: 尽量不去使用可能引起歧义的词语或句子。

brief: 文章“简为贵”,要抓住要点,简明扼要。

coherence: 文理通顺,前后连贯。

development: 主题的发挥应当充分、合理、正确。

division: 词汇、句子、段落要分配使用得当,划分要清楚,避免使用重复字句和种子片段。

figures: 正确合理使用各类修辞格式。

inflated diction: 不使用做作的语言。

key: 用适当的关键词突出主题,每段都应有主题句。

logical: 内容要符合逻辑。

message: 信息要新鲜、确实、可信。

omit: 合理删除多余的不必要部分。

proposition: 主张、观点、论述要清楚肯切、合情入理。

punctuation: 正确适时使用标点符号。

relevant: 文章一定要要题。

sentence pattern: 句型要尽量多样化。

straight: 开门见山,直来直去。

style: 文体恰切,适合内容要求。

tense: 动词时态要正确、一致、变化合理。

theme: 选题得当,主题突出。

成人自考语文答题技巧

在成考中,主观题一部分是阐释题,一部分是作文题,这两部分分值较高,得分多少直接影响总成绩。主观题复习中,考生要会从原文中找答案,这样才能取得好成绩。

成人高考《语文》分1卷、2卷两部分,1卷为机读题,4选1形式,有2部分内容,一部分是18分的基础知识,另一部分的阅读占12分;2卷分值是120分,其中散文阅读占25分,古诗文阅读占25分,小作文占20分,大作文占50分。

实际考试中,主观题的阐释题包括现代文阅读、古诗文阅读和作文。现代文阅读一般要求考生分析文章,然后阐释分析结果。结果正确与否,取决于考生阅读中能不能从提供的作品中获取答题相关信息。

复习时,每篇文章从思想内容到表达方式等,都是考生要重点掌握的信息。考试时,首先会考查考生筛选信息的判断力,即考查考生是否懂得题目在问什么,如问的是思想内容方面的,还是文学表达技巧方面的。其次考查考生对该问题的记忆,即记起原文什么地方有相关答案。现代文阅读题的答案一般都隐藏在文中。答案不是自己想出来的,而是原作提供的。如果想把题目做好,就要从试题所给作品中去获取信息。

答题时,要按题目要求,迅速在原文中找出相关答案。答案一般在文中都会有大致范围。如问某篇文章作者通过什么事物抒发了何种情怀,这样的内容在文中的结尾较常见。结尾常见的议论性、抒情性的语言,常常在无意中透露给我们答题的信息。

成人自考语文公文写作要点

一、下级机关一般应按照直接的隶属关系行文而不要越级行文。

二、行文常规:平行或不相隶属的机关之间,应当使用平行文(如函、通知等),不能使用上行文(如请示、报告等),更不能使用下行文(如命令、指示、决定等)。

三、要分清主送机关和抄送机关。向上级的请示,不要同时抄送下级机关;向下级机关的重要行文,可以抄送直接上级机关。受双重领导的单位向上级机关的请示,应当根据内容写明主送机关和抄报机关,由主送机关负责答复所请求的问题;上级机关向受双重领导的单位行文时,应当抄送另一个上级机关。

四、要注意党政不分的现象。党务和政务事宜要分别行文,凡属政府方面的工作,应以政府名义行文;凡属党委方面的工作,应以党委名义行文。

第四篇: 自考英语写作

请考生按规定用笔将所有试题的答案写在答题纸上。全部题目用英文作答。

注意事项:

1.答题前,考生务必将自己的考试课程名称、姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔填写在答题纸规定的位置上。

2.用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔将答案写在答题纸上,不能答在试题上。

I. Supply the missing paragraph. (20 points)

The following passage is incomplete with one body paragraph missing. Study the passage carefully and write the missing paragraph in about 100 words.Make sure that your tone and diction are in unity with the passage provided.

The Positive Effects of Owning a Dog on Children

Dogs are the best friend of children. The dog and the child teach each other things and they look after each other. Owning a dog can have positive effects on a child’s development. Having a dog develops a child’s sense of responsibility, broadens his capacity for empathy, and teaches him the nature of friendship.

The first advantage of owning a dog is that it’s helpful to develop a child’s sense of responsibility. Once you own a dog, you have to take care of it instead of only playing it: showering, feeding, walking, cleaning up, hair cutting and so on. Dogs are animals that have to spend time together with people or they get depressed. So you must take some time to stay with it. If they are sick, one can’t just leave it alone. All of these works are required to be carefully done which could make a child become more responsible.

Another lesson that a child can learn from having a dog is how to be empathetic. A dog cannot express itself with speech, so its owner must learn to understand what the dog’s behavior means. Is the dog frightened, aggressive, or sick? The child needs to understand what is going on in the dog’s mind. The result of learning to read a dog’s behavior is that the child develops mpathy. By learning how to empathize with a dog, the child also learns how to empathize with other people. This leads to the child becoming a more considerate and caring person.

Being considerate and caring are important characteristics in a good friend.One of the most significant benefits of owning a dog is the example of true friendship that a dog provides. A dog gives unconditional love to its owner. A dog will not stop loving its owner because of a little anger, indifference, or neglect. A dog will wait patiently for its owner to pat its head and say a few kind words. This acceptance of the negative qualities and appreciation for the positive qualities of its owner provide a wonderful model of how to be a good friend. A child who has learned to be as good a friend to others as his dog is to him will have learned one of the most valuable lessons in life.

These are some of the most important lessons a child will ever learn. The benefits of owning a dog will last in the child’s entire lifetime. The understanding and appreciation of responsibility, empathy, and friendship that a child develops from the experience of having a dog will help him or her grow into a reliable, caring, and mature adult.

II. Write an outline. (20 points)

Read the following passage carefully and compose a “topic outline” for it.

Acting out Metaphors Encourages Creative Thinking

It happens in schools, offices, and boardrooms everywhere: someone working on a project hits a mental block. A boss or teacher might resort to a metaphor like “think outside the box” or “put two and two together,” encouraging a creative solution to the problem. As it turns out, this isn’t just abstract advice. According to an upcoming issue of Psychological Science, literally working outside of a box or putting two halves of something together just might help those creative juices start flowing again.

Since physical metaphors regarding creativity are so common and appearing in several different languages, a group of researchers hypothesized that they may extend beyond mere metaphors. Their study indicates that acting out metaphors literally can affect how our minds work.

In the first part of the study, the researchers asked 102 undergraduates to perform a Remote Associates Test (RAT), in which the subjects were given three seemingly

uelated words and asked to come up with a word that relates to each one. For example, the subject might be given “measure,” “worm,” and “video,”and the correct response would be “tape.”

The participants were divided into three groups; one group was asked to perform this task while sitting inside a 5’ by 5’ cardboard box, another group sat outside the same box, and those in the third group performed the task without a box in the room at all. None of the

participants knew the hypothesis behind the study; they were merely told it was an experiment on different working environments.

There was no difference in performance between those inside the box and those with no box at all. However, the participants that were seated outside the box did much better on the RAT than the other two groups. Apparently, something about literally “thinking outside the box” encourages creativity.

A second experiment looked at another well-known piece of advice: to “put two and two together” to come up with an answer. In the study, 64 subjects were divided into two groups. The first group had to perform a RAT while joining halves of cut paper cards from piles on each side of a desk. The second group performed a similar task, but only had to move card halves from one side of a desk to the other side. Those “putting two and two together” by uniting the two halves of the cards did far better on the RAT than those that were merely moving the cards from one pile to another.

So, acting out metaphors linked to creativity really can help us think creatively. In fact, it does more than let us access the knowledge we presently have; it encourages us to come up with new, unique and creative ideas. Next time you’re stuck on a problem, take a minute to ponder—or even act out—your favorite metaphor, and you might happen upon a great solution.

Topic Outline

Acting out Metaphors Encourages Creative Thinking

It happens everywhere: mental block. A boss or teacher might resort to a metaphor like “think outside the box” or “put two and two together”. This isn’t just abstract advice but might really help have creative thoughts.

A group of researchers hypothesized that acting out metaphors may extend beyond mere metaphors. They can affect how our minds work.

In the first study, the researchers asked 102 undergraduates to perform a Remote Associates Test (RAT). The subjects were given three uelated words and asked to answer a word that relates to each one.

The participants were divided into three groups; one group was asked to perform this task while sitting inside a cardboard box, another group sat outside the same box, and those in the third group performed the task without a box in the room.

There was no difference in performance between those inside the box and those with no box at all. However, the participants outside the box did much better on the RAT. Apparently, something about literally “thinking outside the box” encourages creativity.

The second experiment focused on another advice: to “put two and two together” to come up with an answer. In the study, 64 subjects were divided into two groups. The first group performed a RAT while joining halves of cut paper cards together. The second group performed a similar task, but only had to move card halves from one side of a desk to the other side. Those uniting the two halves of the cards did far better on the RAT than those that were merely moving the cards from one pile to another.

So, acting out metaphors linked to creativity really can help us think creatively.

IIl. Compose an essay. (60 points)

People are more and more concerned about the environment. Write a 300-word

expository essay stating your opinion about what we can do as individuals to improve our environment.

How to improve our environment

Nowadays, environment problems are are becoming more and more influential to our daily lives than only appearing in newspapers and TVs, lectures or reports. For instance, in the last winter, foggy days with the so called PM2.5 caused a panic among citizens. People were afraid of the polluted air and chose to stay at home instead of going out.

Protecting the environment is really an extremely urgent thing. As we all know, low carbon life was proposed in recent years and I think it would be a reasonable way to solve our environment crisis.

We can figure out what benefits can be gained when we transfer this conception into a real existence, a low carbon campus. This simple shift of perspective can actually transform what used to be quite far away into something that is just around us.

Take the use of electronic devices for example, when we choose to climb the stairs instead of using an elevator, when we prefer bicycles to cars, we are doing something fantastic for ourselves. Think about these activities as exercises that would not only keep us physically fit, but also spiritually energetic. If we turn off the computer when they are not in use, or even limit the hours we spend in front of them, we are not only saving the electricity, but also doing a favor to our body, preventing ourselves from too much exposure to radiation and other possible harms caused by computer. We can gain at the same tine a healthy and pain-free neck, and avoid sore muscles, worsening eyesight and so on. When we use natural wind, rather than fans or air conditioner to feel cool in summer, we are also reducing the possibilities of all the illness related to the electronic devices.

What we eat can also contribute to the establishment of a low carbon campus. More

vegetables and less meat mean that less carbon will be emitted in the process of producing and preparing for such foods. And this can also translate to a more balanced diet and healthier eating habits. Then many problems, such as overweight, tiredness or even high blood pressure and heart disease can be controlled to a certain extent when we get older. And this good eating habit actually benefits us for a life time, and what starts at campus goes a long way.

From the above analysis, we can get the basic idea that when we are doing something to reduce the carbon campus, but at the same time, we are make positive changes for oueselves.

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